Ukuququzelela ukufundeka kwezahluko ezilandelayo kule ncwadi, nantsi imimiselo ebalulekileyo yokugcina uluhlu lwediski. Ukugcina ukubumbana kwezahluko, iinkcazo ezicacileyo zobugcisa aziyi kunikwa.
SCSI:
Ngokufutshane kwiNxibelelwano yeNkqubo yeKhompyutha encinci, yaqala yaphuhliswa ngo-1979 njengetekhnoloji yojongano lweekhompyuter ezincinci kodwa ngoku ifakwe ngokupheleleyo kwiiPC eziqhelekileyo kunye nokuqhubela phambili kobuchwepheshe bekhompyuter.
I-ATA (KOKUqhotyoshelweyo):
Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-IDE, le interface yenzelwe ukudibanisa ibhasi yekhompyutheni ye-AT eyenziwe ngo-1984 ngokuthe ngqo kwiidrive ezidibeneyo kunye nabalawuli. I-"AT" kwi-ATA ivela kwikhompyutheni ye-AT, eyayiyeyokuqala ukusebenzisa ibhasi ye-ISA.
Uthotho ATA (SATA):
Isebenzisa ugqithiso lwedatha olulandelelanayo, ithumela intwana enye kuphela yedatha kumjikelo wewotshi. Ngelixa i-ATA i-hard drives ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzise iindlela zokudlulisa ezihambelanayo, ezinokuthi zithinteke ekuphazamiseni umqondiso kunye nokuchaphazela ukuzinza kwenkqubo ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwedatha ye-high-speed, i-SATA isombulula lo mbandela ngokusebenzisa imodi yokudlulisa i-serial enentambo ye-4 kuphela.
I-NAS (Ugcino oluqhotyoshelwe kwiNethiwekhi):
Idibanisa izixhobo zokugcina kwiqela leekhomputha usebenzisa i-topology yenethiwekhi eqhelekileyo njenge-Ethernet. I-NAS yindlela yokugcina icandelo elijoliswe ekujonganeni nesidingo esikhulayo sokunyuka kwamandla okugcina kumaqela okusebenza kunye nemibutho yezinga lesebe.
I-DAS (uGcino oluncamathele ngokuthe ngqo):
Ibhekisela ekudibaniseni izixhobo zokugcina ngokuthe ngqo kwikhompyutheni ngokusebenzisa i-SCSI okanye i-Fiber Channel interfaces. Iimveliso ze-DAS ziquka izixhobo zokugcina kunye neeseva ezilula ezidibeneyo ezinokuthi zenze yonke imisebenzi enxulumene nokufikelela kwefayile kunye nokulawula.
SAN (Uthungelwano lweNdawo yoGcino):
Idibanisa kwiqela leekhompyuter ngeFiber Channel. I-SAN ibonelela ngoqhagamshelo lwenginginya ezininzi kodwa ayisebenzisi iitoplogi zenethiwekhi ezisemgangathweni. I-SAN igxininise ekujonganeni nemiba ethile enxulumene nokugcinwa kwimeko-bume yezinga loshishino kwaye isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiindawo zokugcina eziphezulu.
Uluhlu:
Ibhekisa kwisixokelelwano sedisk eyenziwe ngeediski ezininzi ezisebenza ngokunxuseneyo. Umlawuli we-RAID udibanisa iidiski ezininzi kuluhlu usebenzisa itshaneli ye-SCSI. Ngamagama alula, uluhlu yinkqubo yediski equka iidiski ezininzi ezisebenza kunye ngokunxuseneyo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iidiski ezichongiweyo njengezitshixo ezishushu azinakongezwa kuluhlu.
Uluhlu olubanzi:
Kubandakanya ukudibanisa indawo yokugcina ezimbini, ezintathu, okanye ezine zedisk arrays ukudala i-logic drive kunye nendawo yokugcina eqhubekayo. Abalawuli be-RAID banokwenza ii-arrays ezininzi, kodwa uluhlu ngalunye kufuneka lube nenani elifanayo leediski kunye nenqanaba elifanayo le-RAID. Umzekelo, i-RAID 1, i-RAID 3, kunye ne-RAID 5 inokugqithwa ukwenza i-RAID 10, i-RAID 30, kunye ne-RAID 50, ngokulandelanayo.
Ipolisi yeCache:
Ibhekisa kwisicwangciso se-caching somlawuli we-RAID, enokuthi i-Cached I/O okanye i-Direct I/O. I-Cached I/O isebenzisa iindlela zokufunda nokubhala kwaye ihlala igcina idatha ngexesha lokufunda. I-O / O ethe ngqo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ifunda idatha entsha ngokuthe ngqo kwi diski ngaphandle kokuba iyunithi yedatha ifunyenwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo, apho isebenzisa isicwangciso sokufunda okuphakathi kwaye igcina idatha. Kwiimeko zokufunda ngokungakhethiyo ngokupheleleyo, akukho datha igcinwe.
Ukwandiswa koMmandla:
Xa ukhetho lomthamo wenyani lusetelwe ukuba lufumaneke kwisilawuli se-RAID esiluncedo soqwalaselo olukhawulezayo, umlawuli useka indawo yedisk enenyani, evumela iidisks ezongezelelweyo zomzimba ukuba zandise kwindawo ebonakalayo ngokwakhiwa kwakhona. Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kunokwenziwa kuphela kwi-drive enengqiqo eyodwa ngaphakathi koluhlu olulodwa, kwaye ukwandiswa kwe-intanethi akunakusetyenziswa kwi-array edibeneyo.
Isitishi:
Yindlela yombane esetyenziselwa ukudlulisa idatha kunye nokulawula ulwazi phakathi kwabalawuli beediski ezimbini.
Ubume:
Yinkqubo yokubhala ii-zero kuzo zonke iindawo zedatha yediski ebonakalayo (hard drive). Ukufomatha lumsebenzi womzimba omsulwa obandakanya ukujonga ukungaguquguquki kwendawo ephakathi kwidiski kunye nokuphawula amacandelo angafundekiyo nangalunganga. Ekubeni uninzi lwee-hard drives sele lufomatiwe kumzi-mveliso, ukufomatha kuyimfuneko kuphela xa kukho iimpazamo kwidisk.
I-Hot Spare:
Xa idiski yangoku esebenzayo ingaphumeleli, idisk engasebenziyo, ene-powered-on spare diski ngokukhawuleza ithatha indawo yediski engaphumelelanga. Le ndlela yaziwa ngokuba yi-hot sparing. Iidiski ezishushu ezisecaleni azigcini nayiphi na idatha yomsebenzisi, kwaye ukuya kuthi ga kwiidiski ezisibhozo zinokubekwa njengeendawo ezishushu. I-spare disk eshushu inokunikezelwa kuluhlu olulodwa olungafunekiyo okanye ibe yinxalenye yediskhi eshushu esecaleni kuyo yonke uluhlu. Xa ukusilela kwedisk kwenzeka, i-firmware yomlawuli ibuyisela ngokuzenzekelayo idiski engaphumelelanga ngediski eshushu esecaleni kwaye iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iqokelele idatha esuka kwidiski engaphumeleliyo kwidiski eyonganyelweyo. Idatha inokwakhiwa kwakhona kwi-drive logical drive (ngaphandle kwe-RAID 0), kunye nediski eshushu eshushu kufuneka ibe nomthamo owaneleyo. Umlawuli wenkqubo unokubuyisela idiski engaphumelelanga kwaye akhethe idiski yokutshintsha njengesixhobo esitsha esishushu.
Imodyuli yoTshintsho lweDiski eshushu:
Imowudi yokutshintsha okushushu ivumela abalawuli benkqubo ukuba babuyisele idisk drive engaphumelelanga ngaphandle kokuvala umncedisi okanye ukuphazamisa iinkonzo zenethiwekhi. Ekubeni onke amandla kunye noqhagamshelo lwentambo zidityanisiwe kwi-backplane yomncedisi, ukutshintshana okushushu kubandakanya ukususa idiski kwi-slot ye-cage cage, eyinkqubo ethe ngqo. Emva koko, idiski yokutshintsha eshushu ifakwe kwi-slot. Itekhnoloji yokutshintsha okushushu isebenza kuphela kuqwalaselo lwe-RAID 1, 3, 5, 10, 30, kunye ne-50.
I2O (Igalelo/Isiphumo Esikrelekrele):
I-I2O ngumgangatho woyilo lomgangatho woshishino wokufaka / ukukhutshwa kwenkqubo ezimeleyo yenkqubo yokusebenza yenethiwekhi kwaye ayifuni inkxaso evela kwizixhobo zangaphandle. I-I2O isebenzisa iinkqubo zomqhubi ezinokuthi zihlulwe kwiiModyuli zeeNkonzo zeNkqubo yokuSebenza (i-OSM) kunye neeModyuli zeDivayisi ze-Hardware (HDMs).
Ukuqaliswa:
Yinkqubo yokubhala ooziro kwindawo yedatha ye-logical drive kunye nokuvelisa amasuntswana okulingana ahambelanayo ukuzisa i-logic drive kwimo elungile. Ukuqaliswa kususa idatha yangaphambili kwaye kuvelise ukulingana, ngoko ke i-logical drive ijongana nokujonga okufanayo ngexesha lale nkqubo. Uluhlu olungaqaliswanga alunakusebenziseka ngenxa yokuba alikavelisi ukulingana kwaye liza kubangela iimpazamo zokujonga okufanayo.
IOP (I/O Prosesa):
I-Processor ye-I / O yiziko lomyalelo womlawuli we-RAID, ojongene nokulungiswa komyalelo, ukuhanjiswa kwedatha kwi-PCI kunye neebhasi ze-SCSI, ukuqhutyelwa kwe-RAID, ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-disk drive, ulawulo lwe-cache, kunye nokubuyisela iphutha.
Ukuqhuba okusengqiqweni:
Ibhekisa kuqhubo lwenyani kuluhlu olunokuhlala ngaphezulu kwediski enye ebonakalayo. Iidrive zengqiqo zahlula iidiski kuluhlu okanye uluhlu olunwetshiweyo kwiindawo zokugcina eziqhubekayo ezisasazwe kuzo zonke iidiski kuluhlu. Umlawuli we-RAID unokuseta ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8 ye-logic drives yamandla ahlukeneyo, ubuncinane kunye ne-logical drive enye efunekayo ngoluhlu ngalunye. Imisebenzi yegalelo/imveliso inokwenziwa kuphela xa i-logic drive ikwi-intanethi.
Umthamo wengqiqo:
Yidiski enenyani eyenziwe ziidrive ezinengqiqo, ezikwaziwa njengezahlulo zedisk.
Isipili:
Luhlobo lokuphindaphinda apho idatha kwidiski enye iboniswa kwenye idiski. I-RAID 1 kunye ne-RAID 10 isebenzisa i-mirroring.
Ukulingana:
Ekugcinweni kwedatha kunye nokuhanjiswa, ukulingana kubandakanya ukongeza i-bit eyongezelelweyo kwi-byte ukujonga iimpazamo. Ihlala ivelisa idatha engafunekiyo ukusuka kwiidatha ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zangaphambili, ezingasetyenziselwa ukwakha kwakhona idatha yoqobo ukusuka kwenye yedatha yokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, idatha yokulingana ayiyokopi echanekileyo yedatha yokuqala.
Kwi-RAID, le ndlela ingasetyenziswa kuzo zonke iidrive zediski kuluhlu. I-Parity ingasasazwa kuzo zonke iidiski kwisixokelelwano kuqwalaselo oluzinikeleyo lokulingana. Ukuba idiski ayiphumelelanga, idatha kwidiski engaphumelelanga inokwakhiwa kwakhona kusetyenziswa idatha esuka kwezinye iidiski kunye nedatha yokulingana.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-12-2023
