Umncedisi wenziwa ziinkqubo ezisezantsi ezininzi, nganye idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukusebenza komncedisi. Ezinye iindlela ezisezantsi zibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo esisetyenziselwa umncedisi.
Ezi subsystems zeseva ziquka:
1. Iprosesa kunye neCache
Iprosesa yintliziyo yomncedisi, onoxanduva lokuphatha phantse zonke iintengiselwano. Yinkqubo esezantsi ebaluleke kakhulu, kwaye kukho ukungaqondi okuqhelekileyo ukuba iiprosesa ezikhawulezayo zihlala zingcono ukuphelisa imiqobo yokusebenza.
Phakathi kwezinto eziphambili ezifakwe kwiiseva, abaqhubekisi basoloko benamandla kunezinye iinkqubo ezingaphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, zizicelo ezimbalwa ezikhethekileyo kuphela ezinokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo izibonelelo zeeprosesa zanamhlanje ezifana ne-P4 okanye i-64-bit processors.
Ngokomzekelo, imizekelo yomncedisi weklasikhi efana neeseva zefayile azithembeli kakhulu kumthwalo womsebenzi weprosesa kuba uninzi lwefayile yetrafikhi isebenzisa itekhnoloji yoFikelelo lweMemori eNgqo (i-DMA) ukudlula iprosesa, ngokuxhomekeke kuthungelwano, inkumbulo, kunye nenkqubo esezantsi yediski yokuphuma.
Namhlanje, i-Intel ibonelela ngeendidi zeprosesa ezilungiselelwe iiseva ze-X-series. Ukuqonda umahluko kunye neenzuzo phakathi kweeprosesa ezahlukeneyo kubalulekile.
I-Cache, eqwalaselwa ngokungqongqo njengenxalenye yememori ephantsi, idityaniswe ngokwasemzimbeni kunye neprosesa. I-CPU kunye ne-cache zisebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye, kunye ne-cache esebenza malunga nesiqingatha sesantya seprosesa okanye efanayo.
2. PCI Bus
Ibhasi yePCI ngumbhobho wokufaka kunye nedatha yemveliso kwiiseva. Zonke iiseva ze-X-series zisebenzisa ibhasi ye-PCI (kuquka i-PCI-X kunye ne-PCI-E) ukudibanisa iiadaptha ezibalulekileyo ezifana ne-SCSI kunye neediski ezinzima. Iiseva eziphezulu zineebhasi ezininzi zePCI kunye neendawo zokubeka ezininzi zePCI xa kuthelekiswa neemodeli zangaphambili.
Iibhasi ze-PCI eziphucukileyo ziquka iteknoloji efana ne-PCI-X 2.0 kunye ne-PCI-E, ebonelela ngokugqithiswa kwedatha ephezulu kunye nokukwazi ukudibanisa. I-PCI chip idibanisa i-CPU kunye ne-cache kwibhasi ye-PCI. Le seti yamacandelo ilawula uxhulumaniso phakathi kwebhasi yePCI, iprosesa, kunye ne-subsystems yememori ukwandisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo ngokubanzi.
3. Inkumbulo
Imemori idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kweseva. Ukuba umncedisi akanalo imemori eyaneleyo, ukusebenza kwayo kuyancipha, njengoko inkqubo yokusebenza idinga ukugcina idatha eyongezelelweyo kwimemori, kodwa indawo ayanelanga, ekhokelela ekumeni kwedatha kwi-hard disk.
Enye into ephawulekayo kulwakhiwo lwe-X-series iseva ye-memory mirroring, ephucula ukungafuneki kunye nokunyamezela impazamo. Le teknoloji yememori ye-IBM ilingana ngokulinganayo ne-RAID-1 kwiidiski ezinzima, apho imemori yahlulwe yangamaqela abonakalisiweyo. Umsebenzi wokujonga isipili usekwe kwihardware, ayifuni nkxaso yongezelelweyo kwinkqubo yokusebenza.
4. Hard Disk
Ukusuka kwimbono yomlawuli, isixokelelwano sediski enzima sisona sigqibo siphambili sokusebenza komncedisi. Kulungiselelo lwe-hierarchical yezixhobo zokugcina kwi-intanethi (i-cache, imemori, i-hard disk), i-hard disk yeyona icothayo kodwa inomthamo omkhulu. Kwizicelo ezininzi zomncedisi, phantse yonke idatha igcinwe kwihard diski, isenza inkqubo esezantsi yediski ekhawulezayo ibaluleke kakhulu.
I-RAID isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukwandisa indawo yokugcina kwiiseva. Nangona kunjalo, uluhlu lwe-RAID luchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kweseva. Ukukhethwa kwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-RAID ukuchaza iidiski ezinengqondo ezahlukeneyo kuchaphazela ukusebenza, kwaye indawo yokugcina kunye nolwazi lokulingana luhluke. Amakhadi e-IBM's ServeRAID array kunye namakhadi e-IBM Fiber Channel anika iinketho zokuphumeza amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-RAID, ngalinye linokucwangciswa okukhethekileyo.
Enye into ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni linani leediski ezinzima kwi-array eqwalaselweyo: iidiski ezininzi, ngcono i-throughput. Ukuqonda indlela i-RAID eziphatha ngayo izicelo ze-I/O idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle.
Itekhnoloji entsha ye-serial, efana ne-SATA kunye ne-SAS, ngoku isetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka.
5. Uthungelwano
Iadaptha yenethiwekhi lujongano apho umncedisi anxibelelana nelizwe langaphandle. Ukuba idatha inokufezekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu ngolu jongano, i-subsystem yenethiwekhi enamandla inokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kweseva ngokubanzi.
Uyilo lwenethiwekhi lubaluleke ngokulinganayo njengoyilo lweseva. Iiswitshi ezinikezela ngamacandelo othungelwano ahlukeneyo okanye ukusetyenziswa kweetekhnoloji ezifana ne-ATM zifanelekile ukuqwalaselwa.
Amakhadi womnatha we-Gigabit ngoku asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiiseva ukubonelela nge-throughput ephezulu efunekayo. Nangona kunjalo, itekhnoloji entsha efana ne-TCP Offload Injini (TOE) ukufezekisa iireyithi ze-10G nazo ziselundini.
6. IKhadi leMizobo
Indlela esezantsi yokubonisa kwiiseva ayibalulekanga kangako njengoko isetyenziswa kuphela xa abalawuli befuna ukulawula umncedisi. Abathengi abaze basebenzise ikhadi lemizobo, ngoko ukusebenza kweseva akufane kugxininise le nkqubo engaphantsi.
7. Inkqubo yokusebenza
Siyithathela ingqalelo isixokelelwano esisebenzayo njengengxaki enokubakho, njengezinye ii-hard disk subsystems. Kwiinkqubo zokusebenza ezifana neWindows, Linux, ESX Server, kunye neNetWare, kukho iisetingi ezinokutshintshwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kweseva.
Iinkqubo ezisezantsi zokugqiba ukusebenza zixhomekeke kwisicelo somncedisi. Ukuchonga kunye nokuphelisa imiqobo kunokufezekiswa ngokuqokelela kunye nokuhlalutya idatha yokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, lo msebenzi awukwazi ukugqitywa kanye, njengoko iibhotile zinokwahluka ngotshintsho kwimithwalo yomsebenzi weseva, mhlawumbi yonke imihla okanye ngeveki.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-20-2023
